BIFOCAL CONTROL OF MYOPIA
Tables of Results
Table 3
Means (M), Medians (Mdn), Standard Deviations (SD) and t-tests with degrees of freedom (df) and levels of confidence LC) for the ending age, beginning refraction and annual rate of progression for the right (OD) and left (OS) eyes of the Native American bifocal and control groups (all refractive errors in diopters - D).
| Group, Age Number and df |
Measure | Ending Age |
Beginning Rx (D) | Annual Rates (D) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OD | OS | OD | OS | |||
| bifocal age 6-8 N=5 | M | 10.40 | -0.30 | -0.35 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Mdn | 9.00 | 0.00 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.13 | |
| SD | 1.96 | 0.80 | 0.97 | 0.29 | 0.24 | |
| control age 6-8 N = 23 | M | 11.04 | -0.35 | -0.28 | -0.46 | -0.40 |
| Mdn | 11.00 | -0.12 | 0.00 | -0.39 | -0.38 | |
| SD | 2.90 | 1.32 | 1.36 | 0.44 | 0.44 | |
| t | 0.552 | 0.108 | 0.133 | 2.844 | 2.676 | |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | 0.01 | 0.02 | |
| bifocal age 9 N = 3 | M | 13.67 | -0.54 | -0.50 | -0.13 | -0.07 |
| Mdn | 15.00 | 0.00 | 0.12 | -0.12 | -0.06 | |
| SD | 1.89 | 1.14 | 1.16 | 0.06 | 0.06 | |
| control age 9 N = 12 | M | 13.42 | -0.54 | -0.46 | -0.41 | -0.42 |
| Mdn | 12.50 | -0.19 | -0.19 | -0.31 | -0.45 | |
| SD | 2.90 | 0.93 | 1.13 | 0.40 | 0.33 | |
| df = 13 | t | 0.157 | 0.002 | 0.047 | 2.259 | 3.316 |
| LC | insig | insig. | insig. | 0.05 | 0.01 | |
| bifocal age 10 N = 5 | M | 13.60 | -0.17 | -0.22 | -0.15 | -0.09 |
| Mdn | 14.00 | -0.75 | -0.62 | -0.09 | -0.09 | |
| SD | 1.36 | 0.82 | 0.67 | 0.21 | 0.16 | |
| control age 10 N = 9 | M | 14.33 | -0.97 | -0.68 | -0.43 | -0.44 |
| Mdn | 15.00 | -1.37 | -1.37 | -0.32 | -0.42 | |
| SD | ||||||
| df = 12 | t | 0.744 | 1.482 | 0.776 | 1.849 | 2.778 |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | 0.10 | 0.02 | |
| bifocal age 11 N = 6 | M | 13.33 | -1.14 | -1.51 | -0.03 | -0.01 |
| Mdn | 13.50 | -1.06 | -1.56 | -0.10 | -0.11 | |
| SD | 0.75 | 1.20 | 1.16 | 0.30 | 0.33 | |
| control age 11 N = 7 | M | 13.29 | -1.57 | -1.68 | -0.60 | -0.60 |
| Mdn | 13.00 | -1.87 | -1.75 | -0.50 | -0.50 | |
| SD | 1.28 | 0.74 | 0.66 | 0.39 | 0.35 | |
| df = 11 | t | 0.064 | 0.690 | 0.271 | 2.760 | 2.878 |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | 0.02 | 0.02 | |
| bifocal age 12 N = 7 | M | 14.43 | -1.35 | -1.34 | -0.15 | -0.18 |
| Mdn | 14.00 | -1.50 | -1.62 | -0.21 | -0.19 | |
| SD | 1.18 | 1.03 | 0.92 | 0.14 | 0.11 | |
| control age 12 N = 15 | M | 14.40 | -1.31 | -1.15 | -0.39 | -0.37 |
| Mdn | 14.00 | -1.00 | -0.87 | -0.31 | -0.25 | |
| SD | 1.02 | 1.09 | 1.18 | 0.29 | 0.31 | |
| df = 20 | t | 0.054 | 0.083 | 0.381 | 2.472 | 2.017 |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | 0.05 | 0.05 | |
| bifocal age 13 N = 6 | M | 15.67 | -2.00 | -2.02 | -0.32 | -0.25 |
| Mdn | 15.50 | -1.31 | -1.37 | -0.33 | -0.25 | |
| SD | 1.11 | 1.53 | 1.57 | 0.19 | 0.15 | |
| control age 13 N = 16 | M | 16.44 | -1.87 | -1.90 | -0.25 | -0.22 |
| Mdn | 16.50 | -1.94 | -1.75 | -0.17 | -0.13 | |
| SD | 1.69 | 1.24 | 1.40 | 0.30 | 0.30 | |
| df = 20 | t | 1.165 | 0.195 | 0.792 | 0.570 | 0.354 |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | insig. | insig. | |
| bifocal age 14 N = 4 | M | 17.25 | -1.97 | -2.28 | -0.01 | 0.06 |
| Mdn | 17.50 | -2.19 | -2.31 | -0.08 | -0.08 | |
| SD | 1.79 | 0.92 | 1.17 | 0.1.5 | 0.34 | |
| control, age 14 N = 8 | M | 16.88 | -2.28 | -2.40 | -0.42 | -0.42 |
| Mdn | 16.00 | -2.56 | -2.46 | -0.26 | -0.29 | |
| SD | 1.76 | 0.72 | 0.67 | 0.52 | 0.43 | |
| df = 10 | t | 0.301 | 0.591 | 0.161 | 1.906 | 1.858 |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | 0.10 | 0.10 | |
| bifocal age 15 N = 7 | M | 17.71 | -2.11 | -2.09 | -0.12 | -0.13 |
| Mdn | 17.00 | -2.50 | -2.37 | -0.13 | -0.13 | |
| SD | 1.91 | 1.37 | 1.40 | 0.10 | 0.12 | |
| control age 15 N = 14 | M | 18.29 | -1.83 | -1.59 | -0.20 | -0.20 |
| Mdn | 18.00 | -1.19 | -1.50 | -0.20 | -0.16 | |
| SD | 1.87 | 1.73 | 1.43 | 0.19 | 0.24 | |
| df = 19 | t | 0.619 | 0.375 | 0.720 | 1.207 | 0.866 |
| LC | insig. | insig. | insig. | insig. | insig. | |